<title>Triangle Wave Generator</title>
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<applet code=Circuit.class archive=circuit.jar width=640 height=450>
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<param name=pause value=20>
<param name=startCircuit value="triangle.txt">
<param name=startLabel   value="Triangle Wave Generator">
<param name=useFrame     value="false">
</applet>
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<p>
This circuit is
an <a
      href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electronic_oscillator">oscillator</a>
that generates a <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Triangle_wave">triangle wave</a>.
<p>
The second half of the circuit is an inverting
<a href="e-amp-integ.html">integrator</a>.  The first <a
href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operational_amplifier">op-amp</a>
starts with its two inputs in an unknown state; let's say it starts
with + slightly higher than &ndash; (which is at ground).  The op-amp greatly amplifies
this difference, bringing its output to the op-amp's
positive power supply voltage, its maximum output (15 V in this
case).  With this positive input, the integrator's output falls at a
constant rate.
<p>
The 10k and 4k resistors act as a voltage divider which put the
first op-amp's + input 4/14ths of the way from the second op-amp's output to the first
op-amp's output.  When this input reaches ground, then the first op-amp's
output switches polarity, and the integrator switches direction,
forming the other half of the triangle.  When the first op-amp
switches polarity again, a new cycle begins.

<p>
Next: <a href="e-sawtooth.html">Sawtooth Wave Generator</a><br>
Previous: <a href="e-relaxosc.html">Relaxation Oscillator</a><br>
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<br>Generated Tue Dec  7 2010
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